Quartz i



F. G. KEYES.

QUARTZ LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 211. 10x3.

- Patented June 24,1919.

16 p INVENTOR ATTOHNE s WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK G. OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, .ASSIGNOR T0 COOPER HEWITTELECTRIC COMPANY,. OF. HOBOKEN, NEW'fJEBSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

: Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 24., 1919.

Application filed June 28, 1913. Serial No. 776,212.-

To all whom 2'13 may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK G. Knrns, acitizen of the United States, and resident at Boston, county of Sulfolk,State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful-Improvements in Quartz Lamps, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates, among other things, to the treating orsterilization of liquid, by exposure to a suitable active influence. Ihave applied my inventionin one embod1- ment to the use of a quartzmercury vapor apparatus, that is a device comprising a hermeticallysealed container having an active portion of fused quartz, electrodesand suitable leading-in wires. When current is passed through such adevice certain rays and emanations pass through the quartz walls whichare capable of acting upon air and liquids exposed thereto, so that theybecome sterilized and the various bacteria and other organisms thereinare killed or rendered harmless or some other desired effect isproduced.

In one embodiment here shown I have spread the material (which it willbe assumed is to be sterilized and Which may be milk) in a thin filmover a surface down which it passes in virtue of gravity.' A quartz tubeis placed in close juxtaposition to this thin film of milk so that therays above referred to may impinge thereupon. In another embodiment Ihave shown the application of my sterilizing means to a more transparentliquid such as water intended for drinking or other purposes. The methodof practising my invention will be seen somewhat more in detail from thefollowing descriptions of the drawings in which Figure 1 represents anapparatus for sterilizing water; Fig. 2' a milk sterilizer, Fig. 3 amodification of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 a detail showing a regulating nozzlefor the apparatus of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a-tank containing a quantity of liquid, 2, which is to'be sterilized, such, for example, as the water supply of a municipalityand 3 is a regulated 4 is a regulated outlet therefor; 5 is a mercuryvapor quartz lamp comprising a lightgiving tube, 6, a solid anode, 7,and a mercury cathode 8. Leads 9 and 10 provide for supplying currentthereto. As this lamp is well known, I will not further describe it.Since this quartz lamp is operated under inlet and water, there will bea tendency for the mer-n cur'y to condense upon the tubular portion 6and lessen the radiation through the quartz wall. Such condensationwould also tend to hinder the normal operation of the-"device. I haveprovided means for eliminating or correcting this difiiculty bypreventing the too rapid cooling of this active surface. As shown inFig. 1, this is accomplished by placing a quartz jacket, 11, carried onthe tubular portion, 6, which prevents contact of the'tube, 6, and thewater, 2. The effectiveness of this jacket is greater if the air beexhausted from the space between it and the tube,6.

When in operation water enters at one end through the entrance 3 andpasses out at the other end through the outlet 4, being regulated to theproper rate so that the water passing by and around the sterilizer, 5,is sufficiently subjected to the influence of the rays and the bacteriaand other organisms are rendered innocuous. the shape of the box, andthe position of the burner as well as that of the outlet and the inletin such a way as to secure a relatively equal and complete exposure forall port-ions of the water which will pass through the sterilizer.

I wish it understood that other means for protecting the tube, 6, fromcontact with the water, 2, and other specific arrangements of partscanlbe utilized and various forms of baflies and channels provided tosecure the proper exposure of all of the water passing, in place of theparticular expedients shown in this figure without departing from myinvention.

In Fig. 2 I provide a surface, 12, slightly concave toward thesterilizing source, if desired, and provided with horizontal grooves,13, 13, at intervals whose, effect will be to distribute the liquid tobe sterilized, which may here be taken to be milk, over the wholesurface. The surface, 12, is made the face of a hollow box, 14, throughthe interior of which cooling water or other material may be passed toprevent warming the milk due to heat which may be received from thesterilizing source. I provide an entrance, 15, and an exit, 16, for thiscooling fluid.

The milk is fed to the top of the surface, 12, through a pipe, 17, andvarious drips, 18. The pipes, 17, and the drips, 18, should be soadjusted as to give a relatively even dis- I especially arrangenecessary, especially when all the milk receives exposure during itswhole course from the top to the bottom. A relative position of the tubeand surface such as is desirable in Fig. 2 is shown in Fig. 3 whichfigure illustrates a modified form of box, 21. In the embodiment shownin Fig. 3, the surface, 22, is made in steps, the active portion of eachstep being roughly on a circumference drawn about the axis of thesterilizing tube, 23, and the portions connecting the steps beingsubstantially radial therefrom. The object of this arrangement is toprovide as nearly as possible normal incidence of the effective raysupon the exposed surface. As shown this "result is accomplished withoutinterfering with the flow of the milk from thetop to the bottom. Thisbox,

.21, is provided with an inlet, 15, and an outlet, 16, as in the case ofFig. 2. In Figs. 2 and 3 care should be taken not to have the film ofmilk too thick. I have found that useful radiations do not penetratevery deeply below'the surface. I would recommend athickness of a smallfraction of an inch in practical use. Other materials than milk may besterilized and other effects than sterilizationmay be produced in any ofthe liquids used. For example oil may be bleached or, if it be dryingoil, it may be partially oxidized in the resence of oxygen since thisisone of the effects of a radiation from a quartz tube. \Vith the use ofother tubes the results appropriate to their properties as affecting theparticular liquids exposed may be availed of. Fig. 4 shows'the detail ofan adjustable drip useful in distributing the milk or other fluiduniformly over the exposed surface of Figs. 2 and 3.

The structure. Willbe evident from the draw- -17 being the main supplypipe, 2a the the regulating needle carried by the nut, 26, with a millhead, 27, threaded to fit the tapped hole, 29, in the wall of the pipe,17

I wish it understood that in connection with the various forms of myapparatus any suitable form of radiating source or sterilizing means maybe substituted for the quartz tube and any other mechanical structurewhich will spread and evenly distribute the liquid to secure completesterilization by equivalent means falls within my invention.

ing,

hollow box having a concave ultra violet radiation,

Furthermore I do not wish to be limited to the sterilization processsince other uses of radiating energy may be availed of therethrough.

I claim as my invention:

1. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a surface, a quartz tube havingits axis parallel to the axis of said concave surface, means fordistributing liquid to, be sterilized along the top of said surface anda trough for collecting the sterilized liquid at the bottom.

2. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a hollow box having a concavesurface, a quartz tube having its axis parallel to the axis of saidconcave surface, means for distributing liquid to be sterilized-alongthe top of said surface and a trough for collecting the sterilizedliquid at the bottom, together with means for passing a cooling liquidthrough the interior of said box.

3. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a hollow box having a concavesurface, a quartz tube having its axis parallel to the axis of saidconcave surface, means for distributing liquid to be sterilized alongthe top of said surface and a trough for collecting the sterilizedliquid at the bottom in combination with horizontal grooves in saidsurface for securing uniform distribution of said liquid longitudinally.

l. A sterilizingapparatus .comprising a corrugated surface exposed tothe action of the said, surface being provided with steps, of Which therising portions have surfaces normal to the radiation from its source.

5. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a corrugated surface exposed tothe action of ultra violet radiation, a source of radiation capable ofprojecting rays against said surface, the surface being provided Withsteps, the rising portions of. which have surfaces normal to theradiation from the said source.

6. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a"11o stationary surface exposedto the action of ultra violet radiation, the said surface beingcorrugated.

7 .A sterilizing apparatus comprising a stationary corrugated surfaceexposed to the action of ultra-violet radiation, means for applying tothe said surface liquid to be sterilized of any desired thickness andmeans for cooling the liquid during its passage across the corrugatedsurface.

8. A sterilizing apparatus comprising a corrugated surface exposed tothe action of ultra violet radiation, means for applying to saidsurface, at the top thereof, liquid to be sterilized in any desiredquantities where- 12! by the liquid will descend by gravity across thesurface of the corrugations.

9; A sterilizing apparatus comprising a corrugated surface exposed tothe action of ultra violet radiation, a source of radiation 13 capableof projecting rays against said sur- York and State of New York this27th day face, the surfaoehbeing prog ided wlith steps, of June, A. D.1913. the bottom of W ich are su stantia 1y radial v 1 to the source ofradiation and the rising por- FREDERICK F 5 tions of which have surfacesnormal to the Witnesses:

radiation from the source. WM. H. CAPEL,

Signed at New York in the county of New THOS. H. BROWN.

